Welcome to the dispatch podcast. I'm your host Sarah Isger and today I have a real treat

for you. We are going to talk to Zach Terwilliger. He is the former US attorney for the Eastern

District of Virginia and current partner at Vincent and Elkins, a very wonderful Texas

firm. So obviously I'm a big fan just because of that, but also Zach and I work very closely

together at the Department of Justice. And he's the person I wanted to talk to most when

I was digesting what the show been trial meant and what it means moving forward.

Let's dive right in. Zach, we've had some questions from dispatch members trying to make

sense of different parts of the case. I just want to start sort of where things have left

off. Walk us through what you think the sentencing options are from here.

Sure. Well, good morning. Thanks for having me, Sarah. It's great to be back collaborating

with you. Yeah. So just diving right into the show in trial when we look at what's happened.

Obviously there's been a finding of guilt. So what happens next is sentencing, but in

between at least under the Minnesota system, it sounds like a couple of things happen

based on the judges' instructions. One is that a PSI will be developed and a PSI stands

for a Presonance Investigation Report. And so that report is really something that's

going to look at the history and characteristics of the defendant. It's going to look at any

aggravating or mitigating factors surrounding the particular counts of conviction. And ultimately,

at least based on what I've been able to glean, that will result in a sentencing guidelines

range. Some of your viewers, I'm sure listeners, are very familiar with mandatory minimums

versus sentencing guidelines. I'm much more familiar with the federal system than the

Minnesota state system, but they seem similar in so far as you have maximum punishments

for each of these offenses, but then depending on the prior criminal history, your history

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