Isaac Newton invented calculus and he believed in God, Max Planck, was the father of quantum

physics, also a believer, Copernicus, the solar system, and Galileo, and Francis Bacon

and Pascal. They all believed. Today, three out of every five scientists, knowing what

they know so that they can't really buy into the concept of God. Science refutes God,

they would say. Really? It sounds like the makings of a great debate, so let's get on

to it. Yes or no to this statement. Science refutes God, a debate from intelligence

squared US. I'm John Donvan. We have four superbly qualified debaters who will be arguing

four and against that motion. Science refutes God. Our debate goes in three rounds and

then the audience votes to choose a winner and only one side wins. And welcome first to

argue in support of the motion, Lawrence Kraus. You are a theoretical physicist, your research

interests have included, particle physics, dark matter, neutrino astrophysics, which is

kind of easy stuff for all of us. You like to push buttons and you wrote a book called

Forget Jesus, the stars died so that you could be here today. Which doesn't sound very

polite. Do you think that's provoking? Slightly, yeah. Well, I think provoking people and ridicule

and satire is incredibly important in the world today. It's nothing should be above ridicule

because it gets people to think and at least of all religion. And your partner is Michael

Sharmer. Ladies and gentlemen, Michael Sharmer. Michael, you are the founder of Skeptic Magazine

and the Skeptic Society. You were not always skeptical on this issue. You as a teenager, you were

born again Christian and then you switched to the other team. You're what my eighth grade none would

call a very brazen and naughty boy. Well, I'd be happy to talk to her about it. She's passed on,

which I think would go to the other side. Well, I was born again evangelical. I went knocking

on door to doors to tell people about Jesus and then later when I became born again atheist, I

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