So I actually think a big macro story that we've been exploring at Bismarck analysis

and the Bismarck Brief is that the demands of AI are so massive that for the first time in decades,

the economies of scale necessary to supply them require industrial revolutions in everything.

So this demand shock, and we could almost call it a demand shock, arriving from the future,

and AI, is going through silicon, but eventually it's going to reach things like mirrors

and steel and natural gas.

And once you're doing those things,

oh buddy, you've reignited the Industrial Revolution.

Most conversations about AI focus on software.

Samo Burya thinks the bigger story may be physical.

As AI systems become more powerful,

the demand for energy, compute, data centers,

chips, and industrial capacity is growing at an extraordinary pace.

That demand could reshape not just the technology sector, but manufacturing, construction, energy production, and the broader global economy.

Theo Jaffe speaks with Samo Burya about AI industrial revolutions, demographic decline,

state capacity, and the institutions that determine whether societies can successfully adapt

to technological change.

We're live with Samo Burya. Welcome back to the situation room.

Happy to be here.

So we just finished our last segment talking with Ray Ma from China Buzz about,

was it, I don't want to get that wrong. It was TechBuzz China. That's what it was.

And Sophia made the point that the U.S. has these sort of like grand apocalyptic, eschatological narratives around AI because we're a Christian society and China doesn't because they're secular society.

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