Hello and welcome to the Intelligence on Economist Radio.

I'm your host, Jason Palmer.

Every weekday, we provide a fresh perspective on the events shaping your world.

It's easy to forget that the world was already dealing with a viral epidemic before COVID-19, HIV and AIDS.

That is because over decades, drugs were developed, behaviors changed, and stigma reduced.

And that holds lessons for the current crisis.

And think of a penguin. Where is it? On ice, right? You'd think that shrinking sea ice in Antarctica

would be as bad for penguins as it has been for polar bears in the Arctic. But new research

suggests that it's not that simple.

First up, though.

On Sunday, Poland will head back to the polls to vote for its next president.

The election is a runoff between the conservative incumbent and his centrist challenger.

There's a huge amount at stake.

The two candidates offer very different visions for the country.

And the outcome will have consequences not just for Poland, but for Europe too.

So in this election, polls will choose between Andre Duda, the Law and Justice-Backed President, and Rafael Tzaskowski, the mayor of Warsaw,

who's from the Central Civic Platform Party.

Annabelle Chapman writes about Poland for the economist and is based in Warsaw.

And the reason there's a runoff is because in the first round on June 28th, none of the candidates got over 50% of the vote.

And why, to your mind, is this election so important? What is it that polls are voting on here? none of the candidates got over 50% of the vote.

And why, to your mind, is this election so important?

What is it that polls are voting on here?

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