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Science Friday

Plants Make Sounds, Frog Science, COVID Vaccine Update. April 7, 2023, Part 1

Science Friday

Science Friday and WNYC Studios

Natural Sciences, Wnyc, Science, Friday, Life Sciences

4.46.4K Ratings

🗓️ 7 April 2023

⏱️ 47 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Your Plants Are Trying to Tell You They’re Thirsty

Spring is in the air, with flowers blooming and gardens starting. Most people with a green thumb will know a droopy plant is a signal that it needs water. But new research has found another way that plants will signal that they’re thirsty: emitting staccato popping sounds, too high pitched for the human ears. Elsewhere in the world of science journalism, an argument has been made that elephants have self-domesticated. If true, this would make these gentle giants only the third creature to have done this, alongside humans and bonobos. Joining Ira to talk about these stories and other science stories of the week is Rachel Feltman, host of the podcast “The Weirdest Thing I Learned This Week” and editor at large of Popular Science.

Your Future COVID-19 Vaccine May Come Through Your Nose

The nose knows about COVID-19 infection. It is the entrance to the immune system, after all. The nose’s position as one of our first lines of defense has many experts in favor of developing COVID-19 nasal sprays, with the thought that it may replace the needle jabs we’ve come to expect. The development of nasal vaccines comes at a time when many Americans are anxiously awaiting if the government will approve additional COVID-19 boosters. The bivalent boosters have been out for more than six months, and there have been reports the U.S. Food and Drug Administration will recommend an additional dose for some Americans this spring.

Joining Ira to give us the latest on nasal sprays, boosters, and answering some listener questions is Dr. Akiko Iwasaki, immunobiologist at Yale Medical School in New Haven, Connecticut.

Make It Easier To Be Green. Show Frogs Some Love

Frogs have been called the equivalent of the canary in the coalmine, harbingers for the health of our environment. When frogs go silent, something is amiss. So we’re going to spend some time talking about why frogs are so important and how you can better support your neighborly amphibians. One idea? Build a toad abode and welcome them in. Plus, there’s another way to help frogs and toads—and that’s by lending your eyes and your ears to the scientists who study them. April is Citizen Science Month, so we’re kicking things off with a toad-ally cool project called FrogWatch. It relies on volunteers from across the country to record frog calls and report them to FrogWatch’s database.

Ira talks with Dr. Itzue Caviedes-Solis, assistant professor at Swarthmore College, about making outdoor spaces more frog-friendly. Then, he chats with Carrie Bassett, National FrogWatch USA coordinator and education mission manager at the Akron Zoo, about how volunteers can lend their eyes and ears to help scientists study frogs.

Transcripts for each segment will be available the week after the show airs on sciencefriday.com.

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

This is Science Friday, I'm Iroplato. A bit later in the hour, we'll talk about COVID-19 boosters

0:06.2

and how you can build a frog-friendly home. But first, spring is in the air, flowers are blooming,

0:13.0

and I'm starting to get my garden together. I hope you are too. So it's good to know that when

0:18.3

you forget to water plants for a couple of days and they start to droop, it turns out they do

0:24.7

something else when they need water. They cry for help. Well, not literally, but new research

0:31.7

finds that plants make noise when they're stressed. Joining me to talk about this and other science

0:37.6

news of the week is Rachel Feldman, Editor at Large at Popular Science and host of the podcast,

0:43.6

the weirdest thing I learned this week based in Jersey City, New Jersey. Rachel, this may be the

0:49.7

weirdest thing I learned this week. Yeah, it's it's a fun one and kind of a disturbing one in

0:57.0

in a roundabout way, I guess. Yes, it turns out that when plants are stressed most frequently when

1:04.4

they're deprived of water, they make sounds. You could say they scream. Oh goodness. So even though the

1:12.5

sounds are normally not something we can hear, the researchers, they down-sample this sound to

1:17.9

a range we can hear and let's take a brief listen. Wow, it's either sounds like either bad

1:30.5

morse code or somebody hunt and peck typing there. Yeah, yeah, or popping bubble wrap really

1:36.8

furiously. Yes. Yeah, researchers had known for a while that plants produce some amount of

1:44.8

vibration when they're really drought-stressed from this process called cavitation. It's basically

1:50.0

when air bubbles form and collapse in the plant's vascular tissue, it's the same phenomenon that

1:55.6

makes a noise when you crack your knuckles actually. But they had only picked it up by like

2:01.6

placing sensors directly on the plant. And this is the first time that scientists have shown that

2:06.6

like it produces, it projects sound waves that you know something can hear it, not humans, but

2:13.0

probably insects and maybe even like mice and bats. Really? So what plants are we talking about here?

2:19.6

So the main study was on tomato plants and tobacco plants, but that's really just because they're

...

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