Peds H- Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
EM Clerkship
Zack Olson, MD ; Mike Estephan, MD ; Maddie Watts, MD
4.9 • 816 Ratings
🗓️ 21 January 2018
⏱️ 8 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
Introduction
* In pediatric patients, have a low threshold to check blood sugar* Undiagnosed diabetics commonly identified in ED during first episode of DKA* HYPOglycemia is very common in multiple conditions, especially in ill children
Hyperglycemia
* DKA is different in kids* They get cerebral edema* Increased intracranial pressure with rapid fluid administration* Common symptoms* Headache* Altered mental status* Neurologic deficits* Cushings triad* Hypertension* Bradycardia* Irregular breathing* Treatment = mannitol
Hypoglycemia
* Multiple causes* Sepsis* Inborn errors of metabolism* Endocrine disorders* Replace glucose using “Rule of 50s”* Dextrose % x Volume = 50* Neonates: 5ml/kg of D10* Pediatrics: 2ml/kg of D25* Teens/Adults: 1ml/kg of D50* 1 “amp” of D50 = 25g of sugar = 50ml
Additional Reading
* Rule of 50s (PEMBlog)* Pediatric DKA (EM Cases)
Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | Hello, med students. My name is Zach Olson and thank you for downloading this week's episode of the EM Clerkship Podcast. |
| 0:14.0 | Okay, everybody, this is Dakota. He's a three and a half year old male. He's awoken with diffuse abdominal pain. |
| 0:21.6 | According to mom, he vominated about five times. Some of that was productive. |
| 0:25.6 | Has a rash on the anterior chest. He was lethargic when we got there since we've been there with him and through the transport. |
| 0:32.6 | Now crying, as you can see. Lone sounds were clear as far as we can tell we then |
| 0:38.7 | noticed so two sats dropping and had cyanosis around the lips so he put him on |
| 0:42.2 | 02 he's one he had no previous fever now 102.3 rectal mom and extended family |
| 0:50.0 | are out here so just FYI GCS at 10 BP 100 over 60 |
| 0:54.2 | Pulse of 1 2097% on the O2 and no allergies no meds had not been sick for the past couple days |
| 1:01.1 | any questions anybody I know it's a lot he's kind of crunking on us okay thank you all right All right, same case. |
| 1:15.7 | I'm trying to mentally prepare you for this type of thing. |
| 1:18.7 | That's why we keep repeating this. |
| 1:21.1 | Sick babies and sick kids are scary. |
| 1:25.7 | And we are currently in the middle of our series on our sick pediatric patient |
| 1:30.0 | mnemonic, oh shit, grab the brazla, which is the mnemonic you whip out anytime you have |
| 1:36.4 | a peds patient that doesn't look well and makes you nervous. And this is opposed to the vast |
| 1:43.1 | majority of pediatric cases where the kid looks great. |
| 1:46.2 | The demonic stands for start oxygen and consider your airway and breathing disorders. |
| 1:53.3 | And H this week stands for hyper and hypoglycemia. Check that finger stick glucose. |
| 2:03.8 | And then in the following weeks, we'll do S for sepsis, |
| 2:11.1 | H for heart, I for inborn errors of metabolism and endocrinology, and T for tummy and trauma. |
| 2:20.2 | Super high-yield stuff. Whenever we see these sick kids, we grab a Roslo tape and get to work on this algorithm. |
... |
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