Team what's happening

Zach here we're back for med geeks so this week I want to do a quick rapid review of

OSA obstructive sleep apnea it's a topic that's on the blueprint and one you should know about because it puts patients at risk for bad bad things

So OSA it's one of the most common sleep disorders out there and it's something we talk about quite often, well at least in pulmonary critical care, because it's linked with bad complications.

But if you walk around the street in you're outside doing your daily activities, I bet you can

see about 5 to 10 people who likely have OSA.

So what's the pathophysiology?

So OSA occurs due to a decreased airflow through the upper airway due to soft tissue

collapse of that upper airway despite normal breathing effort and this occurs during sleep and it leads

to derangements and the oxygen carbon dioxide exchange. So what's the

ideology and risk factors? So the number one obviously as we all know is

obesity. Then there's the short neck, large tongue, older age, male, and then

cranial facial abnormalities and smoking. So these are all risk

factors that can be found in someone who has obstructive sleep apnea. But you

know a lot of what they talk about is you know that large large short neck

that comes with obesity and these patients you know kind of occlude their own airway when they sleep and fall back because they're,

kind of that pharynx area will drop.

So what puts them at increased prevalence of OSA?

There's a lot of disease states out there that can be commonly found with OSA, and these include pregnancy, hypertension,

CHF, end stage renal disease, asthma, COPD,

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension,

obesity hypovantilation syndrome, There's a lot of overlap there.

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