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Welcome to the Scientific American podcast Science Talk, posted on July 27, 2011. I'm Steve Murski. This week on the podcast. So you turn on a machine by making a protein, and then you

have to turn it off. So I liken it to an orchestra in a symphony.

The cell is a huge orchestra with thousands of players.

They are the proteins.

That's Avram Hirschko.

He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2004.

If you listened last week, you know that I was recently in Lindau, Germany, for the 61st annual Lindown Nobel laureate meeting,

which this year featured laureates in physiology or medicine and in chemistry.

23 Nobel winners lectured and schmused with more than 550 graduate students or postdoctoral fellows at the beginning of their scientific careers.

And I had a chance to catch up to a few of the laureates between events.

Interviews I'll be rolling out over the next few weeks.

Later in this episode, Scientific American Editor-in-Chief Mariette de Christina talks about the

Google Science Fair, but first up is Avram Hirschko.

He shared the Nobel for the discovery of the systems whereby cells break down proteins.

We spoke, as you'll easily be able to tell, in the restaurant next to the Insulhalla, the site of the Lindau meeting.

When you were doing your work for which you were awarded the Nobel Prize,

...