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This is Scientific American's 60-second science. I'm Christopher in Taliatta.

The time 300,000 years ago, the scene, a herd of horses struggling in mud.

A short five meters away, a group of early Neanderthal hunters throwing a volley of wooden spears towards the animals.

And then probably coming into an injured horse and then perhaps

finishing it off with a thrusting spear. Anamika Milks, a Paleolithic archaeologist at University

College London. But there's something not quite right about that classic scene, she says. Specifically,

the Neanderthal's spears may have been more sophisticated and more lethal than we've

given them credit for, which would alter that ancient tableau.

We believe that Neanderthals could have thrown them from farther away, that that would

have allowed them to approach animals that maybe weren't disadvantaged, and they wouldn't

necessarily needed to come right up close to the animal

to kill it off with a thrust. Some of these shots with a throwing spear could be lethal

to an animal like that if they hit in the right way. This revised assessment of Neanderthal weaponry

began with the crafting of spruce timber into replicas of an actual 300,000-year-old spear.

The surface was finished with the same kinds of stone tools used to make the original.

Milk's then recruited six male javelin throwers to chuck the replicas at a hay bale.

At five meters, they struck the target more than half the time.

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