This week, telltale waste products thrown out by cancer cells could help diagnose the disease early.

Since every cell type releases these particles called exosomes, is there a way to identify them that are released by the cancer cells?

And how circulation in the Earth's atmosphere is affecting heat waves.

So if the frequency of one of these particular circulation patterns changes, you could expect

an increase or decrease in warm or cool conditions.

Plus the surprising biodiversity of Antarctica. This is the Nature Podcast for June the 25th, 2015. I'm Adam Levy.

And I'm Kerry Smith.

Antarctica! What's that about? Apart from some penguins, the odd leopard seal and some albatross,

it's a completely empty, barren, inhospitable wasteland. Am I right? No, actually, Kerry. You're wrong. Armed with

ever more sophisticated tools for sampling, we're starting to realise that this southern

continent's biodiversity is actually pretty impressive, if a little weird. Jeff Marsh called Stephen

Chown of Monash University in Melbourne, who's recently compiled a review of Antarctica's newfound

biology. Well, terrestrily, because it's essentially an ice-covered continent, the perception

has been that there's not very much biodiversity there at all. In the southern ocean, much of the

view was based on very few fish. And so overall, the early opinion was that this was not an

especially rich continent for life. And you've written a review this week about a revamped

appreciation of Antarctic biodiversity. Let's start off having a look at the marine environment. What do we now know

about the life in the ocean surrounding Antarctica? More than 8,000 marine species are unknown

from the southern ocean. Many of those from the sea floor, or what's known as benthic species,

some work undertaken in the deep wood

L.C recovered more than 650 isopod species. These are animals that look a little like

wood lice or slaters in the terrestrial environment, but are indeed marine. And amazingly,

...