Hello and welcome to the Zero to Finals podcast.

My name is Tom and in this episode I'm going to be talking to you about Nabothian cysts.

And as always you can find written notes on this topic at zero definals.com slash nebothein cysts

or in the gynecology section of the zero to finals obstetrics and

gynecology book. So let's get straight into it. Nebotheon cysts are small fluid-filled sac

seen on the surface of the cervix. They're also called nebothian follicles or mucanus retention cysts.

They're usually up to one centimetres in size, but rarely they can be larger than this.

They're harmless and they're unrelated to cervical cancer.

Let's talk briefly about the pathophysiology.

The columnar epithelium of the endoservics, which is the canal of the cervix, produces cervical mucus.

When the squamous epithelium of the ectoservix, which is the outer part of the cervix that you can see on a

speculum examination, slightly covers the mucus secreting columnar epithelium,

the mucus becomes trapped and forms a cyst.

This can happen after giving birth with minor trauma to the cervix

or with servicitis secondary to infection.

So how does it present? Nabothian cysts are often found incidentally on a speculum examination for another reason, for example a smear test.

They do not typically cause any symptoms. Rarely if they're very large, they may cause a feeling of

fullness in the pelvis.

Nabothian cysts appear as smooth, rounded bumps on the surface of the cervix,

usually near the os or the opening.

They can range in size from 2mm to 30mm, and they have a whitish or yellow appearance.

A tom tip for you is worth becoming familiar with photographs of Nabothian cysts.

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