This is philosophy bites with me David Edmonds and me Nigel Warton.

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Suppose in a court case, members of a jury are more sceptical of black witnesses than white ones.

Suppose a woman makes a point in a business meeting and is ignored, while the same point made by her male colleague is greeted with

nods and murmurs of approval. Miranda Fricker, a philosopher at London University,

believes there's an important type of injustice going on here.

She labels it testimonial injustice,

and it's a type of injustice wrapped up

with the theory of knowledge, what philosophers call

epistemology.

Testimonial injustice involves a hearer or listener not taking the statements of a speaker or

knower as seriously as they deserve to be taken. If we're guilty of this, we're guilty of not

according the speaker speaker appropriate dignity or

respect. Miranda Fricker welcome to philosophy Bites. Thank you very much it's a

pleasure. Knowledge and justice the two concepts philosophers tend to discuss independently of each other,

but in your work you've brought them together.

I wonder if you could say a bit about how you did that.

Yes.

For years I was interested in how issues of social identity and power might impinge on how we operate as knowers and inquiries.

And that's been something that's been talked a lot about in feminist philosophy,

but very rarely, if ever, in mainstream epistemology or ethics.

...