how many Indian slaves had been taken from Columbus all the way to the 19th century.

There are between 2.5 and 5 million indigenous Americans who are forced into the Indian slave trade.

So that's a huge, that's a staggering number.

There were economic factors, as we know, because slavery is a business at the end of the day.

I call it the other slavery, to distinguish it from African slavery.

But in some ways, it is the slavery that is most relevant for us to think about current forms of human trafficking.

Today, 40 million people around the world are involved in some form of slavery, which

is some form of coerced labor.

I think a useful metaphor is thinking about slavery as a virus that mutates over time, that

it doesn't always look the same. We teach history so students have a sense of the past, which helps them understand the present and develop a vision for their future.

History education is more than names and dates.

If done right, it helps students realize that history isn't static.

It's evolving.

To encompass different sources and different perspectives,

new voices that tell us a truer story of where we came from,

where we are, and where we're going.

I'm Kate Schuster, project director of the Teaching Hard History Initiative for Teaching Tolerance. On our website, tolerance.org, we have frameworks and resources for teaching

American slavery in schools.

In this podcast, we bring you the lessons we should have learned through the voices of leading scholars and educators.

Season two has focused on the lesser-known story of indigenous enslavement.

And in this episode, we're recapping this consequential part of American history,

which started before

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