Coming up next on Renewing Your Mind, the philosophy of Karl Marx.

Marx understood how the means of production drive economic growth and prosperity.

But the problem he saw in all of this alienation was it is the ownership class who owns the tools.

And because they own the tools, they have the power to hire workers at the wage they choose.

That seems fair to most people, but Marx didn't think so.

He claimed there was something wrong with how we measure the value of our work.

But his solution to fix the struggles of the working class went far beyond economics,

and the results have been disastrous.

Here's our C-Sprull as he examines the consequences of ideas.

When we studied the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, I said that the

revolution in ideas that was precipitated by Kant's work had greater impact on American civilization

than our actual government revolution of 1776. But if there's any philosopher who's thinking

had a greater impact on the whole of Western civilization, and in a short period of time,

it would be that of Karl Marx. I mentioned that when I was in high school, there were two

billion people on the face of this earth. And by 1965, the number of people who were under

the regimes of communist government and who lived behind the iron curtain were two billion people.

That is the same number of people who populated the entire globe in 1957, just a few years later,

as the world progressed in its population. It reached that same number of those who were under

the tyranny of Marxist governments. And so if we think that ideas have consequences,

then we certainly see that manifest in the philosophical work of Karl Marx. But we also understand

from the beginning of our study that not only are there consequences to ideas, and that ideas

shape events, but also events have the same reciprocal tendency to spawn new ideas. And if you look

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