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Witness History

Kazakhstan's nuclear legacy

Witness History

BBC

History, Personal Journals, Society & Culture

4.41.6K Ratings

🗓️ 11 January 2022

⏱️ 10 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

After its independence, Kazakhstan had to deal with the legacy of being one of the centres of the Soviet Union's huge nuclear arsenal and nuclear weapons industry. There were particular concerns about the former nuclear testing site at Semipalatinsk, a vast swathe of contaminated land where there were tunnels with spent plutonium. When the Soviet Union ended in 1991, the site was left open to scavengers. Louise Hidalgo talks to the former head of America's nuclear weapons laboratory, Dr Siegfried Hecker, about the secret operation by Russian and American scientists to make the site safe; it's been called the greatest nuclear non-proliferation story never told.

PHOTO: The Semipalatinsk site in 1991 (Getty Images)

Transcript

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0:00.0

Choosing what to watch night after night the flicking through the endless

0:06.8

searching is a nightmare we want to help you on our brand new podcast off the

0:11.8

telly we share what we've been watching

0:14.0

Cladie Aide.

0:16.0

Load to games, loads of fun, loads of screaming.

0:19.0

Lovely. Off the telly with me Joanna Paige.

0:21.0

And me, Natalie Cassidy, so your evenings can be a little less

0:24.9

searching and a lot more auction listen on BBC sounds. Hello and welcome to the Witness History Podcast here on the BBC World Service.

0:39.8

I'm Louise Adaggo.

0:41.4

After its independence in 1991, Kazakhstan had to deal with the legacy of being

0:46.4

one of the centres of the former Soviet Union's huge nuclear weapons program. There were

0:51.5

particular concerns about the safety of the

0:53.5

Soviet's main nuclear testing site at semi-planotinsk in northeast Kazakhstan.

0:58.0

This concern led to a secret operation

1:05.0

story never told.

1:08.0

and Russian scientists to make the site secure. The operation's been called the greatest nuclear nonproliferation story, never told.

1:10.0

And in 2016 I spoke to one of the scientists at the heart of it, Dr Siegfried Hecker, former

1:16.4

head of America's Nuclear Weapons Laboratory.

1:19.0

Los Alamos.

1:20.0

For Siegfried Hecker, the Soviet Union's collapse was not a surprise, but it was a challenge, one of the biggest of his lifetime.

1:31.0

This was uncharted territory. Something like this had never happened. You know,

1:35.1

we're a world power with the ability to destroy the entire world just collapsed.

...

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