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Hi, and welcome to the Longview. I'm Jeff Battack, Director of Manager Research for Morningstar Research Services.

And I'm Christine Ben's Director of Personal Finance for Morningstar Inc.

Our guest this week is John Hale. John is Morningstar's head of sustainability research.

In that role, John directs our research into the ESG investing practices of mutual funds and ETFs.

An incisive analyst and writer, John authors the bi-weekly sustainability matters column on

Morningstar.com.

He's regularly quoted by the media on ESG matters and speaks often on sustainable investing

at industry conferences and other events.

Prior to assuming his current role, John held a number of other leadership

positions in Morningstar's research and investment management divisions, most recently serving as

head of manager research in North America. A CFA charter holder, John earned his undergraduate degree

at the University of Oklahoma and his Ph.D. at Indiana University. We're pleased to have him as our guest.

John, welcome to the Longview. Well, thank you. Thanks for having me. It's a real pleasure.

Oh, it's our great pleasure. So we're going to talk about sort of the larger imperative for ESG in a minute,

but maybe for the benefit of some of our listeners who are less familiar with ESG. Let's start with some definitions.

ESG has lots of buzz around it, but maybe you can demystify it for. What is ESG? And have we seen

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