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As nations jostle for influence on Antarctica, its ice is melting at a pace that could reshape the world.

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Antarctica, the coldest place on earth, now suddenly one of the hottest geopolitical battlegrounds.

Just as the United States withdraws, other nations, including Russia and China, are expanding research stations,

carving out influence and quietly positioning themselves for whatever resources might lie beneath.

And all this happening, while the ice under everyone's feet is disappearing at a pace,

the scientists simply didn't expect.

So why the sudden interest in the most remote part of the earth,

and just how far could the effects of melting ice be felt?

Our science editor, Tom Clark, has just returned from the not-so-frozen south.

Tom, always a pleasure to have you back on the daily. Was London not cold enough for you? Why on earth have you gone to the Antarctic? Because it was warmer. This is what I didn't realize. We went down there

with the British Antarctic Survey and we went up to Cambridge where they're based and they

kitted us out with all this serious gear that they loaned us for

our trip and we arrived at the height of the Antarctic summer now it can get really cold the weather's

very changeable high wind stuff like that it was pretty good while we were there there was sunny

skies on some days it was about minus one zero and my wife was texting me from London saying it's minus five and I was thinking, it's great. And also I didn't realize about Antarctica yet. It's a desert. It's really dry. So even though it's cold, you don't feel as cold. You do want to drizzly freezing morning in London. Describe the place to me because of course we have the Arctic, we have the Antarctic, and we tend to think of them as synonymous, but there are some pretty big differences.

There are some fundamental differences. So the Arctic is a frozen ocean, which means from an environment point of view, climate change point of view, we don't have to worry about it so much in terms of raising our sea levels because all that ice is already floating on the sea and it's not going to raise them when it melts. For the exception of Greenland, obviously topical, but for different reasons. But that also means you can navigate through it as it warms geopolitics. That's what they're interested. The Antarctic, though, the opposite, is a massive, rocky continent. When I say

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