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Science Friday

Immigration and the Microbiome, Spice Trends. Nov 9, 2018, Part 1

Science Friday

Science Friday and WNYC Studios

Natural Sciences, Wnyc, Science, Friday, Life Sciences

4.46.3K Ratings

🗓️ 9 November 2018

⏱️ 47 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

‘Tis the season for pumpkin spice lattes. Even if you’re not a fan of the fall beverage, we’ve all been touched by the 15-year dominance of Starbucks’ signature PSL (that’s pumpkin spice latte in coffee lingo) and its pumpkin spice spawn. So what is it about pumpkin spice that made it a blockbuster, not just today, but centuries ago? And how do spice makers predict if something is going to be a hit or a bust? Senior flavorist Terry Meisle and food scientist Kantha Shelke join guest host Flora Lichtman to talk about spice trends old and new. Plus: Last week, researchers described the differences between ethnic Hmong and Karen people living in Thailand, to members of same groups after recent emigration to the United States. Not only were the new U.S. residents likely to have different microbes than those living in Thailand, but the diversity of their gut microbiota was much lower. This change persisted and even worsened in the second generation. Study co-author Dan Knights, a professor of computational microbiology at the University of Minnesota, explains the findings. Plus, NYU Medical School professor Martin Blaser weighs in on our growing understanding of how our gut microbes interact with our health, and the declining diversity of gut microbes in developed nations. Also, it's not aliens—probably. Ryan Mandelbaum of Gizmodo joins Flora to talk about the mysterious object ʻOumuamua and other science stories of the week in the News Round-up.

Transcript

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0:00.0

This is Science Friday. I'm Flora Lickman, sitting in for Ira Flato.

0:04.3

Later in the hour, we'll take a look at what happens to your microbiome when you move to another country.

0:09.2

But first, this Tuesday, people across the country went to the polls,

0:12.7

with Democrats taking control of the House and Republicans expanding their representation in the Senate.

0:18.3

But how about the science seat count? Americans voted in eight new legislators

0:23.8

with backgrounds in science. Joining me now to talk about that and other science stories from the

0:29.2

week is Ryan Mandelbaum. He's a science writer at Gizmodo here in New York. Welcome back to Science

0:34.4

Friday. Nice to be here, Flora. How's everything going? Everything is great. How about you? I'm good. Okay, so this week, I mean, everyone was talking about the election. Who were these new legislators with science backgrounds? Sure. So there's a bunch of names. We've got Lauren Underwood, Joe Cunningham, Elaine Luria. I don't need to go through the whole list, but they're all Democrats.

1:00.4

And they're a bunch of candidates that people are especially excited about because they've taken over Republican seats or their first timers.

1:04.8

And they have backgrounds in science, such as nursing degrees and engineering degrees and even one worked in nuclear

1:13.2

reactors.

1:13.7

Here's what I want to know.

1:15.8

Will it make a difference in terms of science policy?

1:20.1

Like if we look to the past and look at scientists in Congress or in the Senate, have

1:25.5

they done more for science than people without

1:28.4

science backgrounds? In fact, I don't know. I think that we recently were this past year

1:34.4

wrote an article about Bill Foster, who was the only science PhD in Congress, and he seemed to

1:39.0

stress a bit more frustration. And in fact, recently, Maggie Kerth Baker from 538 had written something along the lines of, we haven't decided what it means to be a science candidate at all or whether, you know, it'll do anything at all. So it's, we're unclear. I guess we'll wait and see. Oh, yeah. Okay. So there's another election coming up, a science election of sorts. Tell me about it. Yeah. So the kilogram, which, you know, approximately little more than two pounds, is getting a, it's getting redone.

2:08.6

So we're frequently, you know, the old kilogram is actually just a hunk of metal in Paris.

2:14.2

Wait, wait.

2:14.8

So there is an actual kilogram.

2:16.9

Yeah, it's called Le Grande K.

...

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