There's no shortage of tech podcasts, but few give you a true dose of the future.

The A16Z podcast is an exception.

It takes you straight to the innovators behind new materials, data centers, self-driving cars,

even electric boats, eavesdrop on the future with the A16Z podcast.

HBR presents.

Hello and welcome to exponential view with me, Azim Azal.

Now, the world is changing at an amazing pace.

We are entering the exponential age, propelled by radical, remarkable technologies.

And on this podcast, I want to explore the themes, topics and questions that will help you make sense of it.

For many years, we've heard that the wars of the future will be fought using cyber capabilities,

not tanks, planes and missiles, but Russia's invasion of Ukraine has so far used traditional arms.

Contrary to the expectations of many analysts, Ukraine has yet to suffer severe cyber attacks in the course of this war.

Why has activity been so limited in the cyber theatre of war, and what will happen if it ramps up?

My guess this week is particularly well placed to answer those questions.

Robert Hannigan is a former director of GCHQ, the UK's intelligence, cyber and security agency.

He's also served as a security adviser to the UK Prime Minister.

He is currently chairman of Blue Voyant Cybersecurity in Amir.

Robert, welcome to exponential view.

Thanks, Azim. Great to be here.

Now, our audience, which is spread across the world, will be familiar with the idea of a cyber security startup.

They may know less about what GCHQ is.

Yes, so if you're in the US, GCHQ is the NSA equivalent, so signals, intelligence, these days, the cyber.

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