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Witness History

How organic farming started

Witness History

BBC

Society & Culture, Personal Journals, History

4.51.6K Ratings

🗓️ 18 April 2019

⏱️ 9 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In the aftermath of World War Two pesticides and chemical fertilisers started to become more widespread in the UK. Worries about the effect this would have on soil quality led Lady Eve Balfour to establish the Soil Association to promote natural farming techniques. John Butler has been a farmer all his life and he has been speaking to Dina Newman about Lady Eve and the early days of Britain's organic farming movement.

Photo: Lady Eve Balfour with some of her friends. Copyright: The Soil Association.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Choosing what to watch night after night the flicking through the endless

0:06.8

searching is a nightmare we want to help you on our brand new podcast off the

0:11.8

telly we share what we've been watching

0:14.0

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0:16.0

Load to games, loads of fun, loads of screaming.

0:19.0

Lovely. Off the telly with me Joanna Paige.

0:21.0

And me, Natalie Cassidy, so your evenings can be a little less searching

0:25.7

and a lot more watching. Listen on BBC Sounds.

0:29.7

Hello, you're listening to the Witness history podcast with me Dina Newman.

0:34.0

Today we're going back to the aftermath of World War II when pesticides and chemical fertilizers

0:39.7

were becoming more common on UK farms.

0:43.0

But one small group of visionaries held out for natural agricultural techniques and the idea of organic farming was born.

0:59.0

In the struggle for greater food production, scientists all over the world have turned their attention to the control of weeds and pests by chemical spraying.

1:08.0

This can now be applied by a sprayer mounted on the tractor.

1:11.0

Post-war Britain needed food to feed its homecoming armies and

1:15.6

industrialization and agri-chemicals appeared to achieve high productivity with

1:20.9

seemingly less effort than traditional farming methods.

1:24.0

Weeds that used to be controlled with the scythe can now be eradicated by chemical means.

1:29.0

Complete control of weeds would improve crop yields by as much as one third and weed-free

1:34.6

pastures would mean larger herds and better cattle thus producing more meat and more milk.

1:40.8

Farmer John Butler says that despite heavy promotion,

1:44.0

agrochemicals weren't universally popular at first.

...

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