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Science Magazine Podcast

How humans survived an ancient volcanic winter and how disgust shapes ecosystems

Science Magazine Podcast

Science Podcast

News, News Commentary, Science

4.3842 Ratings

🗓️ 15 March 2018

⏱️ 22 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

When Indonesia’s Mount Toba blew its top some 74,000 years ago, an apocalyptic scenario ensued: Tons of ash and debris entered the atmosphere, coating the planet in ash for 2 weeks straight and sending global temperatures plummeting. Despite the worldwide destruction, humans survived. Sarah Crespi talks with Online News Editor Catherine Matacic about how life after Toba was even possible—were humans decimated, or did they rally in the face of a suddenly extra hostile planet? Next, Julia Buck of the University of California, Santa Barbara, joins Sarah to discuss her Science commentary piece on landscapes of disgust. You may have heard of a landscape of fear—how a predator can influence an ecosystem not just by eating its prey, but also by introducing fear into the system, changing the behavior of many organisms. Buck and colleagues write about how disgust can operate in a similar way: Animals protect themselves from parasites and infection by avoiding disgusting things such as dead animals of the same species or those with disease. This week’s episode was edited by Podigy. Listen to previous podcasts. [Image: Emma Forsber/Flickr; Music: Jeffrey Cook] Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Transcript

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0:00.0

Morgan State University, a Baltimore, Maryland Carnegie R2 doctoral research institution,

0:05.0

offers more than 100 academic programs and awards degrees at the Baccliorate, Masters, and Doctoral Levels,

0:12.0

is furthering their mission of growing the future leading the world.

0:16.0

Morgan continues to address the needs and challenges of the modern urban environment.

0:20.0

With a four-year quadrupling of research, more than a dozen new doctoral programs,

0:25.7

and eight new National Centers of Excellence,

0:28.5

Morgan is positioned to achieve Carnegie R-1 designation in the next five years.

0:33.7

To learn more about Morgan and their ascension to R1, visit morgan.edu slash research.

0:46.3

Welcome to the science podcast for March 16, 2018. I'm Sarah Crespi. In this week's show, online news editor, Catherine Madisonik, is here with a story on how ancient humans survive global volcanic winter, caused by a massive volcanic eruption 74,000 years ago.

1:04.4

And Julia Buck discusses landscapes of disgust.

1:08.0

How do gross things like parasites and carcasses shape ecosystems.

1:13.2

Now we have Catherine Mattisick, an online editor for our daily news site. Hi, Catherine. Hi, Sarah.

1:18.8

This story by Gretchen Vogel is about how we humans fared after an apocalyptic scenario. A volcanic

1:27.1

winter about 74,000 years ago. What is volcanic winter,

1:33.4

Catherine? So volcanic winter, if you have not heard of it before, is a beautiful concept.

1:40.1

Beautiful. Well, beautiful. It's very, it's very sci-fi. It's very artistic as long as you're not the one

1:45.3

living in it. So basically, the idea is whenever you have a volcanic eruption, ash, glass, gases,

1:53.1

you know, will spew into the air, roll down the sides of the volcano. And when sulfur dioxide

1:59.6

from these volcanoes enters the atmosphere, they can form aerosols

2:04.2

that reflect the sun's rays. And so a lot of times when you have a very large volcanic eruption,

2:09.9

you may have a localized or even global cooling event. That's taken place in the recent past

2:16.4

where we've actually been able to measure these

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