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History Unplugged Podcast

How Benjamin Franklin’s Stove Invention Kept Early America From Freezing

History Unplugged Podcast

History Unplugged

Society & Culture, History

4.23.7K Ratings

🗓️ 8 April 2025

⏱️ 47 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The biggest revolution in Benjamin Franklin’s lifetime was made to fit in a fireplace. Assembled from iron plates like a piece of flatpack furniture, the Franklin stove became one of the era's most iconic consumer products, spreading from Pennsylvania to England, Italy, and beyond. It was more than just a material object, however—it was also a hypothesis. Franklin was proposing that, armed with science, he could invent his way out of a climate crisis: a period of global cooling known as the Little Ice Age, when unusually bitter winters sometimes brought life to a standstill. He believed that his stove could provide snug indoor comfort despite another, related crisis: a shortage of wood caused by widespread deforestation. And he conceived of his invention as equal parts appliance and scientific instrument—a device that, by modifying how heat and air moved through indoor spaces, might reveal the workings of the atmosphere outside and explain why it seemed to be changing.


Today’s guest is Joyce Chaplin, author of The Franklin Stove: An Unintended American Revolution, the story of this singular invention, and a revelatory new look at the Founding Father we thought we knew. We follow Franklin as he promotes his stove in Britain and France, while corresponding with the various experimenters who discovered the key gases in Earth's atmosphere, invented steam engines, and tried to clean up sooty urban air. During his travels back and forth across the Atlantic, we witness him taking measurements of the gulf stream and observing the cooling effect of volcanic ash from Iceland. And back in Philadelphia, we watch him hawk his invention while sparring with proponents of the popular theory that clearcutting forests would lead to warmer winters by reducing the amount of shade cover on the surface of the Earth.

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Transcript

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0:00.0

Scott here with another episode of the History Unplug podcast.

0:07.7

Benjamin Franklin's most lasting contribution may not have been helping author the Declaration

0:12.2

of Independence or brokering a treaty between the United States and France or scientific

0:16.7

contributions to electricity, but instead it was his stove.

0:25.1

Assumpled from iron plates, like pieces of flat-packed furniture, the Franklin's stove became early America's most iconic consumer product, spread from Pennsylvania to England,

0:30.0

and Italy, and beyond. This little stove made it possible to heat a living room much more

0:34.7

easily than a fireplace and use much less wood, but the stove was also a hypothesis.

0:39.8

Franklin proposed that, armed with science, he could invent his way out of a climate crisis.

0:44.3

After all, America was stuck right in the middle of a multi-century-long period known as a little ice age,

0:48.9

where unusually bitter winters sometimes brought life to a standstill.

0:51.9

He believed that his stove to provide snug

0:54.3

indoor comfort despite a shortage of wood caused by widespread deforestation. Essentially, he created

0:59.7

one of the first H-back systems. Today's episode, we're speaking to Joyce Chaplin, author of the Franklin

1:04.7

stove, an unintended American Revolution, that looks at the story of this invention, how Franklin

1:09.3

came up with it, and how this experiment led to other theories of Franklin, including the Gulfstream, theories on key gases in Earth's atmosphere, improving early steam engines, and how to clean up pseudo-urban air.

1:20.7

He gave early ideas to geoengineering, similar to what scientists are thinking of today, like putting aerosols in Earth's atmosphere, to trigger cooling in areas affected by extreme heat.

1:30.3

Franklin was, is always ahead of his time, and we explore this facet of his life with

1:33.7

his invention of the Franklin stove.

1:35.7

I hope you enjoyed this discussion with Joyce Chap.

1:40.0

And one more thing before we get started with this episode, a quick break for a word from our sponsors.

1:44.8

Caring for someone with dementia is one of the toughest journeys, but you don't have to do it alone.

1:50.1

I'm Alison Schreier, and my experience caring for my husband inspired me to create Zinia, a therapeutic streaming service designed to support people living with dementia and reduce caregiver stress.

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