This is CBSI on the world. I'm John Batchel. It's great privilege to travel to the Caribbean,

sitting in my desk, with Professor Avid Ellis of the U.S. Army War College.

I do not know these states, nor how many there are. I do know Cuba.

And right now, Cuba remains a threat to itself and to the region. The headline in Reuters, three days hence, top U.S. diplomat in Havana

promises more sanctions on Cuba. Three Cuban judges and a prosecutor were forbidden from entering the United States on Wednesday,

the latest sanctions from the Trump administration, which earlier declared a tough new policy on Cuba.

Professor Cuba is in the portfolio of adversaries of the United States, chiefly Moscow,

but we cannot rule out.

Beijing having an increasing voice in Cuba.

And then there are the bad actors in the region that are welcome, who are welcome in Havana,

to my understanding, or have been over the years.

That would be Caracas and Managua, certainly. So we're looking at

a hostile or extremely anarchic land. The U.S. sanctions, what is your measure over the years?

Have they been effective because they've become a debating point in the Cuban-American community.

John, the sanctions certainly have had impact, although it's also useful to recall that, you know,

Cuba's had many different options from European and other tourism.

But really, you've seen an oscillation in the sanctions.

There was a clampdown, of course, during the first Trump administration following the

dramatic lifting of many of the sanctions previously under Barack Obama.

Some but not all of that was lifted under the Biden administration.

And now with the current chief of missions, Mike Heimer, who came in about six months ago,

talking about, you know, more sanctions to come.

...