War has played a key role in the history of the United States, from the nation's founding

right down to the present. War made the U.S. independent, kept it together, increased its

size, and established it as a global superpower. Understanding America's wars is essential for understanding American history.

Welcome to Key Battles of American History,

a podcast in which we discuss American history through the lens of the most important battles of America's wars.

Here is your host, James Early.

Thank you. host, James Early. Hello, everybody.

This is James, and I wanted to take a moment to introduce today's special episode.

This is another Parthenon podcast network preview episode, and this time we are featuring Steve Gwara's podcast,

The History of the Papacy.

This is a great podcast.

It's one I've appeared on as a guest a couple times, and Steve always has an interesting

show, and lately he's been doing a series on the relationship between the Roman Catholic

Church and the modern nation of Italy, particularly

events that happened in the 19th century. So today's episode is on the resurgumento.

So without any further ado, here's Steve.

I wonder, what I was always thinking is with Pius the Ninth, the deal that the Italian

government gives him is probably about as good of a deal as you can absolutely give someone

there.

You can have this bit of land.

It's not a ton of land, but it's his own, it's his own property. The papacy gets to

control certain churches around the city. They didn't really have to do any of that, but they also

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