Understanding the human body is a team effort. That's where the Yachtel group comes in.

Researchers at Yachtolt have been delving into the secrets of probiotics for 90 years.

Yacold also partners with nature portfolio to advance gut microbiome science through the global grants for gut health, an investigator-led research program.

To learn more about Yachtolt, visit yawcult.co.

.jp. That's Y-A-K-U-L-T.C-O.J-P. When it comes to a guide for your gut, count on Yacult.

This is Scientific Americans' 60-second science. I'm Steve Merski.

Got a minute?

In recent days, both the unmanned Antares rocket and the Virgin Galactic space plane

had catastrophic failures, because space is a very risky business, and it always has been.

November 5th marks the 50th anniversary of the launch of Mariner 3, America's first

mission to Mars. But don't expect any NASA celebrations. The mission failed completely.

When Mariner 3 reached space, it was supposed to unfurl solar panels. But a glitch kept the panels

tucked away. With only battery power, the spacecraft went dead just eight hours and 43 minutes later.

So Mariner 3 fell silent, although it presumably did fly past the red planet months later.

Fortunately, NASA had an identical spacecraft ready for Mars.

After hasty modifications to prevent the same problem, Mariner 4 blasted off on

November 28, 1964. The following July, it became the first ship to fly past our planetary neighbor

that we're sure of. But this successful mission shocked researchers. Back in 1964, even some

respected scientists thought that Mars was home to

primitive life, if not the intelligent beings that colorful astronomers like Percival Lowell imagined.

And the cameras on Mariner 4 sent back pictures of a barren, cratered world, devoid of any

obvious Martians.

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