Gravitational Waves Special
BBC Inside Science
BBC
4.6 • 1.3K Ratings
🗓️ 11 February 2016
⏱️ 28 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
The universe is silent no longer - physicists at the LIGO observatory have detected gravitational waves.
LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory, with its giant laser beam arms totalling 5 miles across the remote Hanford desert, is the largest lab on the surface of the planet. It was constructed in the Columbia Basin region of south-eastern Washington specifically to detect gravitational waves -- ripples in the fabric of space-time.
First predicted a century ago by Einstein in his theory of general relativity, gravitational waves are produced by exotic cosmic events, such as when 2 black holes collide. Scientists have hunted for them for decades with increasingly sensitive equipment. The laser beam tubes of the observatory have proved sensitive enough to detect the signal from deep space as small as a thousandth the diameter of a proton.
Tracey and studio guest Dr Andrew Pontzen from UCL examine the science of gravitational waves, and how LIGO is both an eye and an ear on the motion of distant objects. They scrutinise the cutting-edge technology, which has to be of almost unimaginable sensitivity to enable detection of some of the universe's most dramatic events.
Inside Science also shines a spotlight on the passion of individuals who have worked for nearly three decades on a single science experiment, inventing a whole new branch of physics in order to prove the last piece of Einstein's theory of general relativity, and to "hear" the universe in a whole new way.
Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | Hello this is the podcast of BBC Inside Science first broadcast on Thursday the 11th of |
| 0:05.1 | February 2016. |
| 0:07.1 | There's lots more science available from Radio 4 online including the latest wreath lectures |
| 0:11.3 | by Professor Stephen Hawking. |
| 0:13.1 | But first, here's today's program, a special live edition |
| 0:17.1 | to mark a momentous event. |
| 0:20.6 | Ladies and gentlemen, we have detected gravitational waves. We did it. |
| 0:28.0 | So I'm quite emotional. That's the sound of astrophysicists and science reporters beside themselves with glee |
| 0:36.6 | Today we're coming to you live with the momentous news confirmed just this afternoon that gravitational waves have for the first time been |
| 0:44.6 | detected a century after Albert Einstein predicted them. The discovery |
| 0:49.2 | means an entirely new perspective on the universe, a new window on unimaginable worlds and honestly |
| 0:55.2 | I'm not exaggerating I've checked with experts and all that from this. |
| 1:03.0 | Yep that was it. |
| 1:05.0 | Like a wax cylinder recording of a great symphony. |
| 1:08.0 | That blip, or as some scientists call it a chirp, |
| 1:10.0 | hardly reflects the cataclysmic gravitational event it recorded in a galaxy far, far away. |
| 1:17.0 | Yet its very existence is an incredible first. |
| 1:20.0 | It took a hundred years to develop a tool that picked up those very faint signals. |
| 1:25.0 | It's an instrument called LIGO, the laser interferometry, gravitational wave observatory, |
| 1:30.0 | the most sensitive instrument on the planet. |
| 1:33.0 | So now you can appreciate its amazingness. |
| 1:35.0 | Here's that signal once again. |
... |
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