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History Unplugged Podcast

From Einstein’s Chalkboard to Oppenheimer’s Nuclear Test: The 50-Year Path to the Atomic Bomb

History Unplugged Podcast

History Unplugged

Society & Culture, History

4.23.7K Ratings

🗓️ 6 May 2025

⏱️ 52 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The story of the atomic age began decades before Robert Oppenheimer watched a mushroom cloud form over the New Mexico desert at the Trinity nuclear test in mid 1945. It begins in 1895, with Henri Becquerel’s accidental discovery of radioactivity, setting in motion a series of remarkable and horrifying events. By the early 20th century, a brilliant group of scientists—including Ernest Rutherford, Leo Szilard, Enrico Fermi, and others—were pushing the boundaries of knowledge, seeking to answer fundamental questions about this source of energy that had 2 million times the energy density of oil: What is this mysterious radiation? Could it provide an infinite energy source, where a basketball of it was equal to an oil field? And, ominously, could it be weaponized?

Today’s guest is nuclear physicist Frank Close, author of “Destroyer of Worlds: The Deep History of the Nuclear Age.” We look at the complete history of the atomic age, from the initial curiosity about radioactivity to the creation of the hydrogen bomb—a weapon of almost unimaginable destructive potential, capable of eradicating life on Earth. This is an account of the scientific discoveries that unlocked the atom’s power, the ethical dilemmas faced by scientists, and the horrifying realization that this newfound energy could lead to humanity’s undoing.

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Transcript

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0:00.0

Scott here with another episode of the History and Plug podcast.

0:07.4

The story of the atomic age began decades before Robert Oppenheimer watched a mushroom

0:12.2

cloud form over the New Mexico desert at the Trinity nuclear test in mid-1945.

0:17.3

It begins in 1895, with Henry Becket's accidental discovery of radioactivity, setting

0:22.3

in motion a series of remarkable discoveries.

0:25.4

By the early 20th century, a brewing group of scientists, including Ernest Rutherford, Leo Seelard,

0:31.0

Enrico Fermi, and others were pushing the boundaries of knowledge, trying to answer fundamental

0:35.2

questions about the source of energy that had two million

0:37.8

times the energy density of oil. What was this mysterious radiation? Could it provide an infinite

0:43.0

energy source, where a basketball of it was equal to an oil field, and could it be webinized?

0:48.8

Today's guest is nuclear physicist Frank Close, author of Destroyer of Worlds, The Deep History of the Nuclear Age.

0:54.9

We look at the decades leading up to the development of the atomic bomb in the period afterwards,

0:59.5

from the initial curiosity about radioactivity to the creation of the hydrogen bomb,

1:04.1

a weapon of almost unimaginable destructive potential, capable of eradicating life on Earth.

1:09.3

This is an account of scientific discoveries that unlock the atom's power,

1:12.8

the ethical dilemmas faced by scientists,

1:15.0

and the horrifying realization that this newfound energy could lead to humanity's undoing.

1:19.5

Hope we enjoyed this discussion with Frank Close.

1:24.0

And one more thing before we get started with this episode,

1:26.4

a quick break for a word from our sponsors.

1:28.7

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1:35.0

That's why I love Audible. It has over a million audiobooks, podcasts, and originals, and one easy app, so you can consume audiobooks on the go.

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