From 'dog' to 'hot dog.' The 'audience of one' trick. More on the long S. Footbridge.
Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.
Mignon Fogarty, Inc.
4.5 • 2.9K Ratings
🗓️ 4 June 2024
⏱️ 20 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
991. This week, we trace the origin and meaning of the word "dog," from its mysterious beginning to its current use in phrases like "hot dog" and "hair of the dog." Then we go through the "audience of one" concept, which involves tailoring content to a single, imagined recipient; and we look at how this approach can make your writing more understandable and engaging.
The dog segment was written by Valerie Fridland, a professor of linguistics at the University of Nevada in Reno and the author of "Like, Literally, Dude: Arguing for the Good in Bad English." You can find her at valeriefridland.com.
| Edited transcript with links: https://grammar-girl.simplecast.com/episodes/hotdog/transcript
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Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | Grammar Girl here, I'm in Yon Fog, your friendly guide to the English language. |
| 0:10.1 | We talk about writing, history, rules, and other cool stuff. |
| 0:13.7 | Today we'll talk about the words we use to refer to dogs, |
| 0:17.2 | a writing concept called the audience of one, |
| 0:21.0 | your comments about the medial S and more, and finally a familect story about a footbridge. |
| 0:27.0 | Dogs may be man's best friend, but how did the word itself go from a term for our furry |
| 0:37.1 | canine friends to a word for everything from our feet to a type of meat we put on a bun. |
| 0:44.2 | Well, first, words have a natural tendency |
| 0:46.7 | to shift and morph in meaning over time |
| 0:49.8 | as they get used in different contexts. |
| 0:52.4 | And they take on other subtle shades of meaning related to their original sense. |
| 0:57.0 | Take the word silly for example. |
| 1:00.0 | In old English times, Silly meant blessed. |
| 1:04.0 | Since those who are pious or blessed are often looked at as fairly innocent, |
| 1:10.0 | the meaning of the word took on a sense of hapless innocence. |
| 1:14.0 | It didn't take long for people to start to pity those hapless innocent fools, |
| 1:19.0 | and voila, the word shifted once more to its current meaning. Likewise, the word dog in English has changed meanings |
| 1:24.0 | likewise the word dog in English has changed meanings over the course of its history. |
| 1:29.6 | But before we get into the different ways that Dog has shifted, we first have to figure out where |
| 1:35.6 | the word even came from, as that is a bit of an etymology mystery. |
| 1:41.0 | We find some traces of the word in Old English, mainly as Daja, but there were very few examples |
| 1:47.4 | of its use in writing before Middle English, where it became Doji, Dogege E. |
... |
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