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This is Scientific American 60 Second Science. I'm Aline Ogenbrun.

It came to our attention a few years ago that there were fraudulent whiskeys on the market.

Gordon Cook of the Scottish University's Environmental Research Centre.

Scotch whiskey is Scotland's product and we felt that being a radiocarbon laboratory in Scotland,

we should take a lead on this.

Scotch whiskey is made from barley, which absorbs carbon dioxide from the air as it grows.

Most of the carbon is carbon 12, but a small percentage is the radioactive isotope carbon14, which decays at a constant known rate,

and has therefore long been used to carbon-date biological samples.

Then in the early 1950s, we had the start of the atmospheric weapons tests, and these produced carbon 14.

By 1963, we were twice the natural level. In 63, there was a

test ban treaty, so 63 was the maximum. And since then, the level in the atmosphere has decreased

as the radiocarbon goes into the biota and the oceans. So unusually high levels of carbon

14 are associated with barley grown during the

years when nuclear testing was widespread. There's obviously a lot of money in whiskey. And some

classics get bought not as imbibements, but as investments. Last October, a 60-year-old 1926 bottle

was auctioned off for $1.9 million. To make sure that the stuff

inside bottles of scotch whiskey matches what's on the labels, Cook and his colleagues

...