Welcome to ESAMP's Global Economy podcast. My name is Fredrik Erickson and I am joined today by Joan Barata and we are going to talk about emerging regulations in Europe with effects on speech and the political discourse.

Juan is an international expert on issues of freedom of expression and information,

and who has done great work on the relationship between these freedoms on the one hand

and emerging digital and media regulation on the other hand.

He is now a senior legal fellow at Justici's Future of Free Speech Project

and previously in his career.

John has been, among other things, a principal advisor to Oz's representative on freedom

of the media and he has worked with many universities and centers like the Stanford's

Cyber Policy Center. So, Sean, welcome. Thank you very much. Thanks for having me. So I want to start,

Sean, by asking you basically what's what's going on and what type of developments that we are

seeing in Europe. I think if I preface that a little bit more, I'd say that there are many developments

indeed happening in Europe right now that do have an impact on what can be done,

what can be said, who can say what and what type of regulations that will have an impact

on the big platforms that are the places

where many of the debates take place right now. For instance, we have the implementation

of the Digital Services Act. There is a Media Freedom Act in the EU that is now working its way

through the EU institutions. And the same goes for a new regulation on transparency and targeting of political

advertising. Please paint a picture about what's going on and what various regulations

aim to achieve.

Yeah, sure. Well, I mean, first of all, I agree that there's plenty, many, many new things, new regulations, new documents, even if I call them this way, are emerging, being adopted and so on.

Recently, by recently, I mean in the last five years, we already witnessed the adoption of very important legal documents.

I'm talking about a new version of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive that

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