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slash G-O. Hello everyone and thank you once again for listening to the saga of World War

II, a Cassus Belly project. First, I'd like to thank all of my patrons on Patreon. If you would

like to contribute, you can go to patreon.com slash cassasbelly podcasts.

Any contribution is appreciated.

In today's episode, we focus on Operation Torch, the Allied effort to take North Africa.

This is the rare, tightly focused episode where I just talk about one thing.

No biography, no digression into doctrine,

just what happened in order. Well, there's a small digression about some geopolitical effects

of a decision made on campaign, but I think that ultimately is the point of all this. What the causes

and effects were of events in the past and how they shaped the world today and what lessons we can draw from them.

Regardless, let's begin episode 31, Torchlight.

I have been astonished that Japan should in a single day have plunged into war against the United States and the British Empire.

What kind of a people do they think we are?

...