The Civil War and Reconstruction was a pivotal era in American history.

When a war was fought to save the Union and to free the slaves,

and when the work to rebuild the nation after that war was over turned into a struggle to guarantee

liberty and justice for all Americans.

I'm Tracy.

And I'm Rich.

And we want to invite you to join us as we take an in-depth look at this pivotal era

in American history.

Look for the Civil War and Reconstruction, wherever you find your podcasts.

400 years ago, a trio of tiny kingdoms were perched on some damp islands off the coast of Europe.

Within three short centuries, these islands would become the center of an empire which ruled a quarter of the globe and on which the sun never set.

I'm Samuel Hume, a historian of the British Empire,

and my podcast Pax Britannica follows the people and events that built that empire into a global superpower.

Learn the history of the British Empire by listening to Pax Britannica, everywhere you find your

podcasts, or go to pod.

link slash packs.

Hi, I'm Scott Shezworth and welcome to the ancient world. Episode 27. Ancient World.

By the first half of the 6th century BC, the Greek world stretched from the towering coastal cliffs of southern Spain to the gold-rich land of Colchis at the eastern edge of the known world, and from the storm-tossed northern shores of the Black Sea

to the thriving panholitic port of Nachrotus in the Nile Delta.

Despite spanning much of the same territory later claimed by Rome, this was no rigid

monolithic and militaristic empire. It was, instead, a collection of mostly autonomous Palaisus, unified only by their common

bonds of shared language, history, and culture.

...