When archaeologists first uncovered them, they knew there was something special about

the two cities.

While so many ancient settlements around the world have a more organic, haphazard shape

and form, the twin capitals of the Indus Valley in eastern Pakistan, the cities of Mohenjo

Dara and Harapa looked entirely different.

They were planned out.

Instead of beginning life as a collection of small homes and then growing over the centuries,

these ancient cities were laid out along a grid pattern from the start.

In a lot of ways they look less like the sprawling maize of tiny streets you might find in

some parts of London, and more like a rudimentary New York City.

They are a memorial to one of humanity's oldest urges to plan ahead.

We love to map things out and see where it's all going.

From the daily planners that many of us keep on our desks to the strategy meetings that

build the roadmaps for tech devices, feature films and family road trips, people are planners.

There's just one problem with that.

The future is unpredictable.

If you've been around this planet long enough, one of the key truths that becomes apparent

is that we honestly have no idea what will happen next.

We can hope, we can plan, we can dream up big and wonderful ideas, but the future isn't

an open book, and more times than not, we'll be completely surprised.

Except, well, there have been some throughout history who have disagreed.

To them the future was right there to examine, to know, to follow.

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