You're listening to the partial exam in life, episode 335, our first take on Aristotle's metaphysics. I believe we're in

book one and have just finished chapters one and two we read up at least through

seven. Plus there's a very short book two that we also read.

So let's get going on after three he at least brings up you know this is not his

introduction of it the the four causes.

Should I give the Sachs version?

Yeah, yeah, go for it.

Since it is clear that one must take hold of a knowledge

of the causes that originate things, since that is when we say we know each

thing, when we think we know its first cause.

While the causes are meant in four ways, one of which is Thinghood or what it is for something to be, since the Y leads back to the ultimate

reasoned account, and the first Y is a cause and source.

Another is the material of underlying things.

A third is that from which the source of motion is,

and the fourth is the cause opposite to that one, that for the sake of which or the good,

since it is the completion of every coming into being in motion, which have been sufficiently looked into by us in the writings about nature.

Still, let us take up also those who came before us in the inquiry about beings and philosophized about truth.

Okay, so this is all just the introduction to he's going to talk about a bunch of other philosophers.

Those all look familiar except the first one, thinghood, what it is for something to be which is the formal cause right

whatever it is that determines that is this thing and not another thing so thing

hood is translating would often useia which is often translated substance and the what it is to be the

toti an a nae is the essence usually typically translated its essence or

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