This is a podcast from the archives of the BBC Reith Lectures.

This lecture in the series World of Peoples, given by Robert Gardner, was originally

broadcast in 1965.

The title of this year's Reith Lectures is A World of Peoples, their theme, race relations.

The speaker is Robert Gardner, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. His subject in today's talk is economic meetings.

So far, I have been looking at moods and patterns of race relations

that have developed in different parts of the world,

and it has been apparent that the factors involved are as much economic as social.

I want to try to isolate some of the more specifically economic situations and indicate how race can interfere with the operation of economic forces.

First, I want to deal with the effects of racism on the economies of countries where different races live together and constitute one political unit and one national

economy. Later, I shall set out some of its consequences in international economic relations.

Different races come to live together in one society as a result either of peaceful immigration or conquest.

If the immigrant community has a distinct culture of its own and is large enough to live as a coherent and reasonably self-contained unit,

then it tends to retain its separate identity.

But where there are enough cultural similarities between the

indigenous and the immigrant peoples, and when the two groups are at comparable levels of

technological advancement, they tend to settle down side by side and can eventually come to form

an integrated society.

Of course, there will be social divisions within this society,

but they will be determined by occupation, wealth, and factors other than race.

Where the immigrant race happens both to be culturally different from the indigenous race

and to enjoy a certain technological superiority over it, integration seems to be ruled out,

...