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This is Scientific Americans' 60-second science.

I'm Steve Merski.

Now, as you know, asthma is a very prevalent disease in our society now. It wasn't so 50 years ago.

And we now realize that the very early life microbes seem to have set you up or not for asthma.

Microbiologist Brett Finley from the University of British Columbia.

In a study of Canadian infants, his team found...

At three months of age, which is a really tiny little kid,

there were four microbes, and if you had these four microbes,

you had very, very low risk of getting asthma.

If you didn't have these microbes, you were very, very high risk of asthma.

Finley spoke February 17th at the annual meeting

of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Boston, where he also discussed

a recent follow-up study among kids in rural Ecuador. And a big risk factor associated with asthma

was where they had potable clean water. So ironically, the kids had got the clean water at higher

asthma rates than the kids had the dirty water. Now that makes sense in terms of microbial acquisition.

It makes sense, but I must admit, I was surprised to see that. You'd think, let's clean the water up.

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