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Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.

Decoding the colon: AP vs. MLA style. Plus, words with no known origin.

Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.

Mignon Fogarty, Inc.

Society & Culture, Education

4.5 β€’ 2.9K Ratings

πŸ—“οΈ 5 May 2026

⏱️ 17 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

1182. This week, we solve the mystery of the colon: when do you actually need to capitalize the next word? We compare AP, Chicago, and MLA styles to give you a clear answer. Then, we look at common words with surprisingly "shadowy" histories β€” from the sudden appearance of the word "dog" to the apocryphal origin of "quiz."


The words with no origins segment was written by Karen Lunde. Find her on igofirst.org.


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Transcript

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0:00.0

Grammar Girl here. I'm In Yon Fogarty, and today we're talking about colones.

0:10.0

And then we'll talk about words with no known origin.

0:14.0

The Mark of Expectation or Edition.

0:18.0

That's what one of my favorite old grammar books called punctuated right calls

0:23.0

the colon, because it signals that what comes next is directly related to the previous sentence.

0:30.0

Often it's almost a definition of what came before. How you use a colon depends on which

0:36.2

style guide you follow, and it can be tricky because in some cases, the styles differ a lot.

0:42.3

The first thing you have to decide is whether to capitalize the first word after the colon.

0:48.2

In both Associated Press style and Chicago style, you capitalize the first word after a colon whenever what comes next is a complete

0:58.2

sentence. Squiggly has one dream colon. He wants to become a chocolatier. The part after the colon

1:08.0

defines Squiggly's dream. And the way it's written, the word he is

1:12.8

capitalized because it starts a complete sentence.

1:16.7

And if the part that comes after the colon isn't a complete sentence, keep the first word

1:22.1

lowercase.

1:24.4

Squiggly has one dream, colon, becoming a chocolatier, with a lowercase B in becoming.

1:31.3

Simple, right? Sure, until we get to the MLA handbook from the Modern Language Association,

1:37.3

a style often used by people in the humanities. In other words, if you're in high school or college,

1:43.3

you might use it to write your papers,

1:45.4

and it has a particularly tricky style when it comes to colon's.

1:49.9

In MLA style, you only capitalize the first word after a colon if it starts more than one complete sentence,

1:58.5

or if it's a question.

2:00.7

So you'd keep the word he lowercase in our previous

...

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