Hi, this is Tom, and in this episode I'm going to be going through croup.

And you can find notes at zero to finals.com and in the zero to finals pediatrics book.

And you can find flashcards and questions to train your knowledge at members.0tofinals.com.

And at the end of this episode, we'll go through questions on croup to test yourself on

what you just heard.

So let's jump straight in.

Kroop is an upper respiratory tract infection that causes edema and inflammation of the larynx and

the airways. It typically affects children aged six

months to three years. The symptoms of croup usually resolve within two days and they respond

very well to treatment with dexamethazone. Let's talk about the causes. Paralympluenza virus is the leading cause of croup.

Other causes include influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, and rhinovirus.

Let's go through the presentation.

The typical presenting feature is a rapid onset, seal-like, barking cough.

Other signs and symptoms include increased work of breathing, a hoarse voice,

stridor, which is a high-pitched, harsh whistling noise heard during inspiration,

and a low-grade fever.

A few days of carisal symptoms such as a runny nose, dry cough and sore throat may precede the onset of croup.

A tomtip for you, approach a child with croup calmly and do not scare them, as becoming distressed can worsen their symptoms.

Let's go through the differential diagnosis.

In a child with a rapid onset of stridore and respiratory distress,

consider the differentials of epiglottitis, a laryngeal foreign body, and angiodeema,

for example caused by anaphylaxis or hereditary angiodema.

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