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BBC Inside Science

Crime, volcanoes, ghosts and how we are influenced by the genes of unrelated others

BBC Inside Science

BBC

Science

4.61.3K Ratings

🗓️ 26 January 2017

⏱️ 28 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The genes of unrelated others can influence our health and behaviour. New research suggests the genetic make up of our partners can have a profound influence on our lives. Scientists have quantified genetic influence , in mice at present but the plan is to try to extend this to human interactions. If accepted this has potentially far reaching consequences for studying heritability and also perhaps modern medicine as the findings suggest an illness can in part be influenced by those we live with.

The use of DNA evidence in criminal cases has sometimes been given far more weight than it deserves. In the worst examples there have been miscarriages of justice where DNA evidence has been misinterpreted. The fiction of DNA as a 'magic bullet' pervades TV drama and films - but views of DNA evidence as infallible are also widely held amongst the public, police and lawyers. Forensic specialists explain what we can and can't find from DNA evidence.

Oxford's Bodleian library has manuscripts stretching back to medieval times depicting volcanos discovered in the 6th century. These manuscripts also contain remarkable interpretations of eruptions and associated volcanic events, often mixed with mythology. Although those recording such events did not understand what they were scientifically, some of the depictions and ideas of what was happening are surprisingly accurate. Roland Pease and Professor David Pyle take a look at this remarkable collection.

Nearly a hundred years ago, Oliver Lodge, eminent physicist and the first to demonstrate radio waves, published a book about life after death. It was entitled 'Raymond' after his son who was killed in the First World War. Lodge was a believer in ghosts and telepathy, and conducted experiments to test their existence. Adam Rutherford and Samira Ahmed look at how Oliver Lodge squared his scientific and spiritualist beliefs - and how the latter led to him, as Britain's most well know scientist of his time, being written out of scientific history.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Hello you this is the podcast of Inside Science from BBC Radio 4 first broadcast on the

0:04.3

26th of January 2017 and I'm Adam Rutherford

0:08.9

so much fun on the pod today and even though it's only January I think we've come up with my favourite the and ghosts, fairly typical weak in science world, which is also by coincidence the actual

0:25.2

worlds. We don't normally deal with ghosts because they don't exist in the actual world,

0:30.0

but we do have the strange tale of the 19th century physicist who believed in the afterlife with a further matched only by his passion for electromagnetism.

0:39.0

We take a hard look at forensic genetics on TV, the smoking gun that wraps up case after case for

0:44.8

fictional detectives but in real life things are not so straightforward and

0:48.9

we've got hundreds of years of volcanoes fire belching mountains and blood red waves of lava.

0:56.4

And so if we open at page 180...

1:02.1

That is stupendous. We have a full double page spread with few ridden heavens overhead and in the middle a fiery globe.

1:12.0

A fiery globe, yes.

1:14.0

Lovely, but first, we are social beings. We have families and friends and they influence

1:19.5

how we think and behave and also our health and well-being. Quantifying that influence is not so easy because our lives are complex and humans are messy.

1:28.8

Of course, we share DNA with our parents and our children. But what about people who are not related to?

1:35.2

A brilliant revolutionary technique is published this week in which we can help quantify

1:40.4

the influence of others on our own lives using their DNA.

1:45.0

A team from the European Bioinformatics Institute in Hingston,

1:48.0

Cambridge constructed a system for measuring what they call the social genetics effect on an individual.

1:54.5

That is how the genetics of others affects you.

1:57.7

The study is in mice.

1:59.2

They paired different types of unrelated mice and found that the genes of one could be used to account

2:05.1

for a large proportion of the difference in the behavior of the other.

...

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