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Unexpected Elements

Coronavirus, prospects for treatment?

Unexpected Elements

BBC

Science

4.4570 Ratings

🗓️ 9 February 2020

⏱️ 63 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Doctors in the US have treated a coronavirus patient with a drug developed for Ebola. That drug had never been tested on people so its use here seems an extreme move. We look at why this kind of drug developed for one virus might work on another. It’s all down to the genetic material at the centre of the virus. That raises safety concerns as human cells contain similar material.

East Africa is experiencing a plague of locusts and bizarrely it’s linked to the Australian wildfires. A weather pattern across the Indian Ocean, made more extreme by climate change, links the rains in Africa with the heatwave in Australia.

New features of The Northern Lights have been discovered thanks to an analysis of photos on Facebook by physicists in Finland. Amateur sky watchers pictures reveal previously unnoticed forms in the light display.

And we look at the search for properties of sub atomic particles, why a small device might be better than the enormous ones used so far.

Today, once-fatal diseases like the plague, sepsis, or cholera can be treated simply and quickly with a pill. These tiny tablets hold compounds that can fix illnesses, and most people don’t think twice about taking an asparin for a headache.

Modern medicine looks nothing like the plants that many of them are derived from. But there must have been a moment, when the first humans decided that a particular plant, fungus, or mineral might cure them of an upset stomach, or infected wound. Right? That’s what listener Andrew Chen wondered, so he emailed CrowdScience to find answers.

Presenter Anand Jagatia speaks with an archaeologist, a botanist, an ethno-pharmacologist, a zoologist and a historian to uncover the story of early human experimentation with ‘drugs’ from plants, fungi, animals and minerals.

The history of humans is full of illness and poor health, and it seems we’ve always tried to fix this. Anand discovers the connection between food and medicine while making tonic water from scratch with Kim Walker at the Royal Botanic Gardens of Kew, and tastes the daisy-like Chinese herb that was first used thousands of years ago, and then – once tested - became one of the best modern drugs for treating the world’s most deadly infectious disease.

Listener Andrew’s inspiration came from a previous episode of CrowdScience ‘Who were the first farmers?’ and so we return to expert anthropologist Cheryl Makerewicz who tells us about the ecological knowledge of hunter-gatherers and pastoralist communities. With Jaap de Roode, Anand discovers that conscious thought isn’t a pre-requisite of medical discovery, and historian Vivienne Lo explains how written word helped to standardise generations of medical knowledge in East Asia. Previously medical knowledge had been irrevocably linked with shamanism, magic and spirituality, but with modern medicine this changed – but today there is still much we can learn from ancient forms of knowledge, Christophe Wiart explains how his science focuses of discovering what plants tribal people in east Asia have used for centuries to cure their ailments. These early methods may help us combat new diseases today.

(Image: Scientists are at work as they try to find an effective treatment against the new SARS-like coronavirus, Credit: AFP/Getty Images)

Transcript

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0:00.0

In 2019, we began investigating the disappearance of Dr. Ruzha Ignatva.

0:08.0

I believe we are a very special network.

0:10.0

A scammer who stole billions from investors around the world.

0:15.0

She's on the FBI's 10 Most Wanted list.

0:18.0

And now, we have some unmissable updates. She has money and when you have

0:23.0

money you have power. Join me, Jamie Bartlett, as the hunt for the missing crypto queen continues.

0:29.5

Listen first on BBC Sounds. You've downloaded the Science Hour from the BBC World Service.

0:35.4

I'm running peas and in half an hour, crowd science will be

0:39.0

delving into the murky roots of modern medicine. In the Philippines, I have observed the case of

0:44.4

an old man which was getting plants by dream. He was taking some sort of drugs. And he will

0:49.8

have dreams at night. And the day after, he will work, he will get the plant and he will give

0:55.0

this plant to the person and incredibly, sometimes it works.

0:59.2

Well, if that's to do with the placebo effect, I don't think it's going to work for me.

1:02.9

Listen to the podcast in half an hour and you'll get and make up your own mind.

1:06.9

On science and action before that, I'll be looking into the very modern attempt to find an antiviral for the rapidly spreading coronavirus contagion.

1:14.8

But we are also catching up with the latest on the locust swarms now devastating parts of East Africa.

1:21.4

I mean, this locust which matured in two weeks and lives for 10 weeks can cause significant damage.

1:26.5

An average size swamp can destroy as much

1:29.0

food crops in a day as is sufficient to fit about 2,500 people. I've been to see a cool new

1:36.4

experiment in particle physics and a new kind of Aurora is illuminating the properties of parts

1:41.7

of the atmosphere other experiments can't reach.

1:44.7

It's basically too low for spacecraft, but too high up for radars and balloons.

...

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