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Viking Age Podcast

COA04 - The Icelandic Free State

Viking Age Podcast

Viking Age Podcast

History, Society & Culture

4.91K Ratings

🗓️ 18 October 2017

⏱️ 54 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In this episode we explore the offices and institutions which made up the Icelandic Free State. Through comprehensive legal codes, accepted traditions and customs and regular, predictable assembly the Icelanders were able to govern themselves for over three centuries without a king, head chieftain or any other executive authority to speak of.

How did they do it? Well, that's what we are going to talk about today.

This week's recommended reading is near and dear to my heart. Viking Age Iceland by Jesse Byock is the definitive single volume history of the Icelandic Free State in English. Moving topically, Professor Byock explores all aspects of life in Iceland during the Viking Age. For anyone interested in learning more about Iceland during this period this book is a must read. Plus, you can see first hand just how often I have turned to Viking Age Iceland while researching these episodes.

For more information and to see the works cited for this episode please visit: http://vikingagepodcast.com/icelandic-free-state

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

In the late 1920s, there was a man named Thoria, who owned a vast tract of land in the Blasco-Garr region of southwestern Iceland.

0:12.0

Situated about 20 miles inland, the land to which

0:16.4

Thoreres family had laid claim was striking in its natural beauty. Low green plains, rocky volcanic outcroppings, and gently sloping hills, all of it,

0:30.0

wringed by steep, distant mountains.

0:34.4

Through this fertile rift valley flowed the Oxaro River,

0:39.7

which flowed slowly south from Thing Vala-Vaten, the largest lake in Iceland.

0:47.6

The shores of this immense natural feature made up the northern border of Thoria's land.

0:55.0

In many ways, this claim, with its rich grazing land

0:59.3

in abundant freshwater fisheries,

1:02.0

was the picture of the Icelandic dream which was pursued by those

1:06.6

who had initially settled the island. Thoria and his descendants had won the Landam lottery.

1:14.0

Unfortunately, they would not get much of a chance to enjoy their new home.

1:20.0

You see, sometime in the late 1920s, we are told that Thoria killed a slave, or perhaps a freedman, and for this act, he was outlawed.

1:35.0

As was customary, when an individual was declared an outlaw,

1:39.0

Thoria's land was confiscated by the local assembly.

1:44.8

Now normally such land would simply have been sold off, but given its easily accessible

1:51.9

location and abundant natural resources,

1:55.9

it was decided that Thoria's land would be put to a decidedly different use.

2:03.6

At this same time, a new experiment in Icelandic government

2:08.2

was beginning to take shape.

2:10.6

And it was decided that Thoria's land would be the perfect laboratory to give it a try.

2:17.0

So, in or around 930 CE, the first island-wide assembly, the all-thing, was held along the banks of the

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