Understanding the human body is a team effort. That's where the Yachtel group comes in.

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To learn more about Yachtolt, visit yawcult.co.

.jp.j. That's y-A-K-U-Lt.c-O.jp. When it comes to a guide for your gut, count on Yacolt.

This is Scientific Americans' 60-second Science. I'm Jason Goldman.

Most critters seem better able to survive big cities if they're smaller than usual.

But a few others are better adapted to urban areas if they're larger.

That's the result of a study of more than 700 types of invertebrates from across 10 different

taxonomic groups living in a variety of habitats in northern Belgium.

European ecologists were interested in understanding how animals adapt to urbanization,

so they set up a variety of traps in both urban and rural areas and assessed the body size of more than 95,000

individual critters. They measured butterflies and beetles, weevils, ground spiders, webbuilding spiders,

moths, and grasshoppers. They also tested a handful of more obscure invertebrates, like a group

of microscopic shrimp-like critters called ostracods,

and a group of aquatic crustaceans known as water fleas. On average, urban communities

contain smaller individuals than rural ones. It's not that cities are causing animals to evolve

smaller bodies, at least not necessarily. What the study found is that animals that are already smaller seem better suited to city living.

The researchers think that has to do with what's called the urban heat island effect.

Animals expend more energy going about their daily lives in warmer areas,

and cities tend to be warmer than more natural

areas. Smaller body sizes can compensate for that heat effect. But some groups of city dwellers

...