From the historic campus of Hillsdale College in Hillsdale, Michigan, where the good, the true, and the beautiful are taught, nurtured, and honored, this is the Radio Free Hillsdale Hour, bringing the activity and education of the college to listeners across the country.

That's something that parents can do for their children to really take the time to understand what they think and why they think it,

and then really talk to them and teach them through conversation.

This is your host, Scott Bertram. Welcome to the

Radio Free Hillsdale Hour. That was Dr. Kathleen O'Toole, Associate Vice President for K-12 Education at

Hillsdale College. We'll talk with her today about how citizenship starts in the classroom.

And later in today's program, Dr. Marty Billman from Hillsdale's chemistry department will tell us all about the discovery of fire.

First, we're joined by Dr. Kathleen O'Toole.

She's Associate Vice President for K-12 Education here at Hillsdale College.

Dr. O'Toole, thanks for joining us.

Great to be here, Scott. Thank you. You've also written an essay over at thedale College. Dr. O'Toole, thanks for joining us. Great to be here, Scott. Thank you.

You've also written an essay over at The American Mind recently. Citizenship starts in the classroom.

Why is it necessary to proactively teach our youth how to be good citizens? They're going to be

citizens. They are citizens and they are going to be voting citizens. They're going to be citizens. They are citizens, and they are going to be voting citizens.

But more than that, they're citizens of the United States of America.

And the thing about the United States of America is the sovereignty lies with the people.

And the people are charged fundamentally, therefore, with the success or failure of the country. It is in their

hands. It is in our hands to ensure that this place prospers and continues. And that's a

heavy burden that you have to get ready for. You mentioned that many students today are trained

in what's called action civics. And it's a phrase that a handful of

guests have talked about on the show in recent months. And this is the idea that protest is the

highest form of civic participation. Why do you think that action civics actually is perhaps a

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