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Hello and welcome to the intelligence from The Economist.

In London, I'm Jason Palmer.

Every weekday, we provide a fresh perspective on the events shaping your world.

Saudi Arabia's second city, Jeddah, was once a charming place.

Now, vast, empty patches scar the landscape.

Most of its southern and central parts have simply been bulldozed ahead of a massive rebuild,

because these days, modernity trumps charm.

And over the past few decades, China has had a nearly unbelievable economic ride.

The question has come up time and again, when will its economy overtake Americas.

The pandemic and other factors have made that question even harder to answer.

...