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Cephalopod Week Wrap-Up, USDA Climate Change, Sinking Louisiana. June 28, 2019, Part 1

Science Friday

Science Friday and WNYC Studios

Science, Life Sciences, Wnyc, Natural Sciences, Friday

4.46.3K Ratings

🗓️ 28 June 2019

⏱️ 48 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The eight-day squid-and-kin appreciation extravaganza of Cephalopod Week is nearly over, but there’s still plenty to learn and love about these tentacled “aliens” of the deep. After a rare video sighting of a giant squid—the first in North American waters—last week, NOAA zoologist Mike Vecchione talks about his role identifying the squid from a mere 25 seconds of video, and why ocean exploration is the best way to learn about the behavior and ecology of deep-sea cephalopods. Then, Marine Biological Laboratory scientist Carrie Albertin gives Ira a tour of the complex genomes of octopuses, and how understanding cephalopod genetics could lead to greater insights into human health. Finally, SciFri digital producer Lauren Young wraps up Cephalopod Week for 2019. The USDA’s Agricultural Research Service (ARS) receives over a billion dollars a year to study issues affecting American agriculture and the food supply. Climate change is one of those issues, and in years past, the ARS has publicized its work on how farmers can reduce their carbon footprint with no-till agriculture; how climate change alters the relationship of pests and crops; or how more abundant CO2 affects the growth of grasslands, potatoes, timber, wheat, and more. But in the last several years, that steady stream of climate-related agricultural science news has dried up. One of the only recent press releases from the ARS dealing with climate change is a good news story for the beef industry, about how beef’s greenhouse gas emissions may not be that bad after all. The agency’s move away from publicizing a wide range of work on climate science is part of a troubling trend, according to a new investigation by Politico.  The wetland marshes just outside the city of New Orleans act as natural buffers from storm surges during hurricanes. But like much of southern Louisiana, that land is disappearing. It’s partly due to subsistence and sea level rise—but also due to the thousands of miles of channels that oil companies have carved through the fragile marshes to get out to their rigs. Those channels have eroded and turned the buffering wetlands to open water. Now, New Orleans mayor LaToya Cantrell is suing a handful of oil and gas companies, including ExxonMobil and Chevron, for money to rebuild the marshes they helped destroy.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Hi, everybody. Thanks for listening. I wanted to give a quick thank you to everyone who donated in celebration of Cephalopod Week and helped build our online sea of support.

0:11.5

We can't do this stuff, particularly not these fun things like Cephalopod Week, without your help. So thank you.

0:19.2

And if you missed out, just a reminder that you can make a donation

0:21.7

at any time to support SciFri by visiting our website. We're a nonprofit and we rely on donations

0:28.8

from our fans and listeners. So go to ScienceFriety.com slash give to donate. Once again,

0:35.8

that's sciencefriady.com slash give. And thanks.

0:40.5

This is Science Friday. I'm Ira Flato. A little bit later in the hour, we'll talk about signs

0:46.5

that science may be under fire at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, including a look at why

0:52.4

the USDA is keeping quiet about its own climate change

0:56.2

research.

0:56.9

But first, in the Democratic presidential debates, there were quite a few mentions about climate

1:02.3

change.

1:03.3

Each candidate seemed to have at least some thoughts about addressing climate change.

1:07.5

But last week, the Trump administration rolled back the clean power plan,

1:12.6

an Obama-era proposal to address climate change by setting limits on emissions on power plants.

1:19.3

Now, the Trump EPA has replaced that with a new plan called the Affordable Clean Energy Rule.

1:26.4

Here to fill us in on that story. Is Umer Afan, staff writer for Vox.

1:31.2

Welcome back to Science Friday.

1:33.0

Hi, Ira.

1:33.9

So what are the key differences between these two plants?

1:38.1

Well, the Obama-era plan focused on a huge suite of techniques that you could use to curb greenhouse gas emissions from power plants that included installing things like CO2 scrubbers or even trading carbon credits with other states or in the region to help lower greenhouse gas emissions. The Trump plan focuses on one technique, and that's what they call heat rate improvement, which is basically a fancy

2:01.6

way of saying they want to improve the fuel efficiency of coal-fired power plants.

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