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This is Scientific American's 60-second science. I'm Christopher in Taggata. For three months now,

the Cumbra-Vieha volcano has unleashed fury upon the island of La Palma, that's in the Spanish

Canary Islands. Ash has rained from the sky. Rivers of lava have consumed at least

2,600 buildings and raised plantations of bananas and avocados.

The magma's movement underground has triggered clusters of earthquakes, too, more than a dozen hit

La Palma on a recent day. Despite that devastation, though, only one death has been attributed

to the eruption, and volcanologists say the recent activity has them rethinking their predictions

of the volcano's next move. It's always useful to see a new volcano personality. Mark Antoine

Longprey is a volcanologist at the City University of New York. He says every eruption helps

scientists better understand volcanoes and improve their forecasts. One lesson is that these volcanoes and the Canary Islands behave a little bit differently

from other basaltic volcanoes that we commonly see in the media, for example, like Hawaiian

volcanoes and Aetna in Italy.

He explains that those volcanoes tend to have a shorter run-up to their eruptions,

whereas Cumbra Vieja began to reawaken years ago in October 2017 with a cluster of tiny earthquakes.

In the years since, the volcano has triggered sporadic swarms of tiny quakes,

but on September 11th, 2021, eight days before the eruption, things picked up. A couple hundred quakes hit every day,

and the ground began to deform, probably due to flows of magma. In hindsight, it took a long time

...