Bronchiolitis (2nd edition)

The Zero to Finals Medical Revision Podcast

Thomas Watchman

Life Sciences, Education, Medical Finals, Medicine, Surgery, Health & Fitness, Paediatrics, Medical Student, Medical Education, Medical Exams, Medical School, Medical Revision, Science, Learn Medicine, Finals Revision, Obstetrics And Gynaecology

4.8 • 678 Ratings

🗓️ 3 February 2025

⏱️ 15 minutes

🔗️ Recording | iTunes | RSS

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Summary

This episode covers bronchiolitis. Written notes can be found at https://zerotofinals.com/paediatrics/respiratory/bronchiolitis/ Questions can be found at https://members.zerotofinals.com/ Books can be found at https://zerotofinals.com/books/ The audio in the episode was expertly edited by Harry Watchman.

Transcript

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0:00.0	Hi, this is Tom, and in this episode I'm going to be going through bronchiolitis, and you can find notes at zero to finals.com and in the zero to finals pediatrics book.
0:14.8	And you can find flashcards and questions to train your knowledge at members.0.0 tofinals.com. And at the end of this episode, you'll find
0:23.8	questions to test yourself on what you just heard. So let's jump straight in. Bronchiolitis involves
0:31.0	infection and inflammation in the bronchioles, which are the small airways in the lungs. It most often occurs in the winter
0:40.0	months. Respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. Other causes
0:48.7	include rhinovirus and adenovirus. Bronchiolitis is generally considered to occur in infants under one years of age.
0:59.0	It's most common in infants under six months. It can be diagnosed in children up to two years of age,
1:07.0	particularly in ex-premature babies with chronic lung disease.
1:12.9	Infants with bronchiolitis are more likely to develop viral-induced wheeze or asthma during
1:19.2	childhood.
1:20.8	Let's go through the basic pathophysiology.
1:25.0	Inflammation, edema, and increased mucus production in the bronchioles causes the airways to narrow,
1:34.0	obstructing the flow of air.
1:36.7	Infant's airways are very small, so even minimal narrowing can cause significant symptoms.
1:48.1	Airflow obstruction causes increased work of breathing and reduced oxygen saturation. Respiratory syncytial virus or RSV infection usually starts
1:57.6	with carisal symptoms, meaning a runny nose, sneezing and a sore throat.
2:03.8	Around half of infants will go on to develop bronchiolitis.
2:08.5	The typical course of illness involves chest symptoms starting one to two days after the onset
2:15.2	of the carisal symptoms, a peak in symptom severity on days three to five,
2:23.3	symptoms lasting seven to ten days in total, and full recovery within three weeks.
2:30.4	Let's go through the presentation. Presenting symptoms include carisal symptoms like a runny nose, sneezing and watery eyes,
2:41.0	dysknear, which is heavy labored breathing, tachycnea, which is fast breathing, reduced feeding,
	...

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