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This is Scientific Americans 60 Second Science.

I'm Jason Goldman.

Morning in Tanzania.

The sun rises over the Gaurongoro crater.

The spotted hyenas are beginning their day,

while Eve Devidian from Germany's Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research sits nearby in a truck,

watching and waiting.

The most exciting part of her day is when a male hyena crouches on his hind legs to poop.

So I did collect a lot of fecal samples, I monitored a lot of behaviors, spend a lot of time

following males on site in Tanzania, in the field.

Biologists have been monitoring the eight hyena clans of Tanzania's Gaurongoro Crater for 25 years.

They've learned a lot about the species, but there are still some outstanding mysteries.

Why is it that high-ranking individuals, and in particular high-ranking males often are more

successful than low-ranking males in terms of reproduction. In spotted hyenas, in contrast

to many other mammals, males don't fight to access a high social rank and they also don't

fight to access breeding partners.

And so it is quite puzzling why high-ranking males, if they don't fight and they are not necessarily

...