care people can't survive and the survival of responsibility, right? Yeah, exactly. You know,

that phrase about it takes a village to do this that and the other thing. And that begins with

taking care of small children. And anybody who needs help. Peter, did it matter that so many people

in the, let's say, late 18th century worked in the home? Yeah, Brian, I think that's a great point.

We think of work as an activity that we're slotted into once we join the community.

They have commuting off the work. But let's just say you can't go out into the fields anymore.

Well, there's something for you to do. They're responding to do whether it's child care,

whether it's food preparation, whether it's simply watching the world go by and reporting on

that to your neighbors. You're part of an organism of a community. So wasn't that better?

Yeah, that's better, Ed, but what's not better is the sense that your destiny is fixed

with those marks at birth, whatever it is that distinguishes you and the whole range of things

that we now call disabilities, mental, physical, whether they happen as a result of an accident and

you're disabled, all of those things lead to sort of a fixed and permanent outcome. That idea that

you cannot pursue happiness and we understand happiness to be the aspiration to be a full and

complete human being because you happen to be in this category, then it's different being disabled.

Then to be disabled is not to participate. Peter, were the categories of

dis, well, today we called disabilities. Were they the same back then or are these

inventions of the 19th century or the 20th century? Well, I think they are largely inventions of

the 19th and 20th century. And part of that is based on the idea that you can do something for

somebody with what we call a disability. You can enable that person. Whereas I think in the 18th

century, you are what you seem to be. I mean, if you can't do something, you can't do it. There's

no, there's no probing question because there's no hope that the diagnosis is going to lead to any

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