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This is Scientific American 60-second science. I'm Julia Rosen. Got a minute?

Every two weeks on the full and new moons, the sun, moon, and Earth fall along a nearly straight line.

The combination of gravitational forces in this arrangement creates large swings in the tides.

But the celestial alignment affects more than the oceans.

It also tugs on Earth's

crust, adding to the stress on faults. This makes it more likely that major earthquakes will

strike at these times, according to a new study. The idea isn't new, but scientists have had a hard

time testing the earthquake tide relationship. For instance, three of the largest earthquakes in recent years

happened when tidal stress was high. But those big ones are rare and the link seems to break down

for smaller events. So the researchers crunched a bunch of numbers. By looking at more than 10,000

medium and large earthquakes, they found that the proportion of large events increased when tidal

stress was high. The results do not imply that every full or new moon will bring an earthquake,

obviously. What the findings mean is that high tidal stress during newer full moons may up the chances

that an earthquake will grow bigger than it otherwise might have been. So even magnitude 9 earthquakes start like magnitude 1 or 2.

Satoshi I.D., the University of Tokyo seismologist who led the study.

So at the initial stage, it's very difficult to distinguish small or large earthquake.

It starts similarly, but it grows at some probability to large scale.

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